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A method that has been proposed to explain the transfer of reducing power across the chloroplast membranes. NADPH, produced by the light reactions of photosynthesis, is not able to pass through the chloroplast membranes. However there is evidence that reducing power produced by photosynthesis is nevertheless used in the cytosol. It is suggested that oxaloacetate in the chloroplast stroma is reduced by NADPH to malate, which is readily transported across the chloroplast membranes. In the cytosol malate is oxidized to oxaloacetate with the concomitant production of NADH from NAD. The oxaloacetate then passes back into the chloroplast stroma to begin the cycle again.
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